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How do I find out requirements for document witnesses?

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When I'm notarizing a document, and the document asks that two "witnesses" sign in addition to the Notary, are there any requirements for who those witnesses may be? Is it necessary, for example, that they know the principal?K.B., Illinois

Without knowing the type of document, it is impossible to provide any answer about the qualifications of witnesses. The safest course of action is to have the signer confirm with their attorney or with the document-issuing or receiving agency if there are qualifications for the witnesses.

Witness-related requests during notarizations can be confusing because there are many different types of "witnesses" who may be involved with a document. Our guide to different witnesses that may be encountered by Notaries provides more information.

Hotline answers are based on the laws in the state where the question originated and may not reflect the laws of other states. If in doubt, always refer to your own state statutes. – The Editors

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Michelle Riesenberg

18 Nov 2025

I am a notary with the state of Iowa and on occasion we have had people come in who needed a notary with the document requesting witnesses. I work for a city government and the only "witnesses" we have would be my co-workers, who won't necessarily know the person needing the notary. I have used my co-workers on occasion to be witnesses. Would this be a wrong practice to do? If so, what would you suggest I do for the witnesses? Thanks!

National Notary Association

19 Nov 2025

Hello. In Iowa, it's essential to clarify whether the signer is requesting a "signature witnessing" by a Notary (which is an official act that Iowa Notaries may perform) or is requesting non-Notary private individuals to witness a document signing. If the signer is requesting a Notary to perform a signature witnessing as an official notarial act, the Notary must identify the signer and then watch as the person signs the document in the Notary's presence: “A notarial officer who witnesses or attests to a signature shall determine, from personal knowledge or satisfactory evidence of the identity of the individual, that the individual appearing before the notarial officer and signing the record has the identity claimed” (IC 9B.5.3). However, requesting private individuals to witness a document signing in addition to a notarization is not a notarial act, and is not addressed by Iowa Notary law. If a signer requires private witnesses to a document signing, the signer would need to contact a qualified attorney or the document's issuing or receiving agency to request instructions regarding the requirements for private individual witnesses.

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